ABSTRACT
Background: Specific criteria are used to diagnose thyroid neoplasms; however, the distinction between certain neoplasms, such as follicular adenoma and carcinoma, could be difficult. Thus, additional diagnostic features that can assist in this distinction would have great clinical usefulness. Aims: To evaluate the role of the proliferative marker Ki-67 in nonneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the thyroid, with a special emphasis on the distinction between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. Settings and Design: A retrospective study from a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: One hundred cases of thyroid lesions, including 50 nonneoplastic and 50 neoplastic lesions, were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Pathology, Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Ki-67 immunostaining was performed by peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and compared with mitotic counts. Results: Ki-67 labeling index (LI) showed a progressive rise from multinodular goiter to benign to malignant neoplasms. A statistically significant difference was observed in Ki-67 counts between multinodular goiter vs papillary carcinoma (P < 0.05) and follicular adenoma vs follicular carcinoma (P < 0.05). The correlation between mitotic counts and Ki-67 LI was found to be significant. Conclusions: In the present study, Ki-67 was found to be useful in differentiating between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma, but since the sample size of our study was small, larger studies are needed to confirm this observation as well as to assign a cutoff value for differentiating benign from malignant tumors.
Subject(s)
Adenoma/diagnosis , Adenoma/pathology , Adenoma/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Carcinoma/pathology , Carcinoma/physiopathology , Cell Proliferation , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Progression , Female , Goiter, Nodular/diagnosis , Goiter, Nodular/pathology , Goiter, Nodular/physiopathology , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Thyroid Gland/metabolism , Thyroid Gland/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/physiopathology , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolismABSTRACT
An unusual case of postero-superior periarticular irritation of the hip joint of six months' duration due to an extension of a pre-sacral foreign body granuloma in an 18 year old unmarried girl is presented. Two wooden sticks which probably were inserted pervaginally by a village midwife to induce an abortion for an unwanted pregnancy had found its way to presacral region. The scanning of the vaginal fornix indicated a possible route through which the sticks might have been migrated.